What features of accounting for income and expenses for the purposes of calculating income tax arise for an organization operating simultaneously in Russia and the EAEU countries?
An organization operating simultaneously in Russia and the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) is faced with a number of features of tax accounting of income and expenses for the purpose of calculating income tax. Let's take a closer look at the main points.
Features of income accounting
1. Determination of the place of sale of goods:
According to the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, the place of sale is the territory of the country where the buyer of the goods is located. If the goods are sold to a resident of one of the EAEU countries, then the income is taken into account as part of the tax base at the location of the buyer.
2. Documentation of transactions:
To confirm the legality of attributing income to the territory of a particular country, it is important to correctly draw up primary accounting documents. It is necessary to have a contract of sale, invoices, invoices and other documents confirming the sale of goods or services.
3. Revenues from the sale of works and services:
The place of implementation of works and services is determined at the location of the customer or contractor. For example, consulting services provided to a Russian enterprise by a Belarusian company will be considered implemented on the territory of Belarus.
Features of expense accounting
1. Expenses for activities outside the Russian Federation:
Expenses incurred by the organization in connection with activities in the EAEU member states are to be included in the costs, provided that they are documented and meet the criteria for validity and economy.
2. Depreciation of fixed assets:
The organization has the right to take into account depreciation of fixed assets used in foreign divisions when calculating the tax base in the manner prescribed by the Tax Code of the Russian Federation.
3. Tax incentives and agreements:
The organization should take into account the provisions of agreements on the mutual elimination of double taxation concluded by Russia with the EAEU member states. Such agreements avoid paying taxes twice on the same income.
Additional nuances
1. Transfer pricing:
Organizations are obliged to comply with the principles of market pricing for goods, works and services implemented within a group of interconnected persons. Control over the compliance of prices with the market level is carried out by tax authorities by analyzing comparable transactions.
2. International Accounting Standards:
The application of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) ensures transparency and comparability of reporting indicators between countries, which simplifies tax control and minimizes the risks of claims of tax authorities.
Thus, the correct recording of income and expenses for income tax purposes requires a careful approach to accounting, document management and compliance with the requirements of international law and bilateral agreements.